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The Pin

1 Ra8

1 ... Kd7  2 Rxb8
The knight just can't escape, doing so would put its king in check.

An example from actual play.

1 Bd3 Qxd5?

2 Bc4! Qxc4

The pin is a tactic for line pieces. Be careful when you place a piece in-line with another.

The Skewer

1 Rh8+

1 ... Kd7  2 Rxb8

The skewer is an upside-down version of the pin. The first piece in the line of fire is higher in value. The piece behind, if not supported, is subject to loss.

1 ... Re5  2 Bc3

2 ... Re2 3 Bxf6

The Fork/Double Attack

1 Qc8+

1 ... Ke7  2 Qxb8

The fork is one of the most common tactics, along with the pin and the skewer. You attack two or more pieces (undefended or higher in value) simultaneously. Only one of the attacked pieces can get out of danger. Usually the one with less value will be taken.

1 Bb5!

1 ... Qxb5  2 Nc7+!